Ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons, abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-4 e-United States bafuna ukwelashwa minyaka yonke ngezinkinga zehlombe. Unyaka ngamunye, izinkinga zezinhlanzi zivakashela izigulane ezingaphezu kuka-1.5 million. Izinkinga ezijwayelekile zezinhlanzi zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhlukunyezwa okuhlangene nokuhlukana
- I-Tendinitis
- I-Bursitis
- Impingement syndrome
- Ikhefu le-rotator eliqothileyo
- Ihlombe elinyene
- Ukuphuka kwehlombe
- I-arthritis yehlombe
Izakhi Zenqwaba
Ihlangothini lamahlombe lakhiwa amathambo amathathu:
- I-clavicle (i-collar bone)
- I-scapula (i-shoulder blade)
- I-humerus (i-bone upper arm)
Amalungu amabili ahambisa ukunyakaza kwamahlombe. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-acromioclavicular (AC) kufakwe phakathi kwe-acromion (ingxenye ye-scapula eyenza iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu lehlombe) kanye ne-clavicle. Umhlanganiso we-glenohumeral, obizwa ngokuthi yi-shoulder joint, uyinhlangano yebhola-ne-socket ehlangene eyasiza ukuhambisa ihlombe phambili nangemuva futhi ivumela ingalo ukuba ijikeleze ngendlela enesisindo noma ikhuphuke futhi ihambe kude nomzimba.
I "ibhola" iyinxenye ephezulu, eyindilinga ye-bone upper arm noma i-humerus. "I-socket," noma i-glenoid, ingxenyeni efana nesidlo somngcele wangaphandle we-scapula lapho ibhola lihambisana khona.
I-capsule yi-imvilophu enesisindo esithinta ukuhlanganiswa kwe-glenohumeral. Ihlanganiswe ulwelwesi oluncane, olubushelelezi lwe-synovial.
Amathambo ehlombe agcinwe endaweni ngamasipha, ama-tendon, nemigqa. Ama-tendon ayizintambo ezinzima zezicubu ezinamathisela imisipha yehlombe nasetheni futhi zisize imisipha ekuhambiseni ihlombe. Ama-ligamente afaka amathambo ehlombe komunye nomunye, ehlinzeka ukuzinza. (isibonelo, i-front of the capsule ehlangene ihlanganiswe imigqa emithathu ye-glenohumeral.)
I-rotator cuff isakhiwo esakhiwa ngamathononi okuthi, ngezimpawu ezihambisanayo, ibamba ibhola phezulu kwe-humerus esitokisini se-glenoid futhi inikeza ukuhamba nokuqina ekuhlanganyeleni kwehlombe. Izakhiwo ezimbili ezinjenge-bursae zivumela ukuhamba ngokushelela phakathi kwethambo, imisipha, ne-tendon. Ziyakwazi ukuvikela nokuvikela ikhamera ye-Rotator kusukela emgqonyeni we-bony we-acromion.
Yini Ebangela Izinkinga Zezintambo?
Ihlombe lihlangene kakhulu emzimbeni. Kodwa-ke, kuyinto ehlangene engazinzile ngenxa yezinyathelo zokuvunywa ezivunyelwe. Kulula ukulimala ngoba ibhola lengalo elingaphezulu likhulu kunesikhwama sehlombe esilugcina. Ukuze uhlale uzinzile, ihlombe kufanele liqinisekiswe izimbungulu, izintambo, nemigqa yayo.
- Ezinye izinkinga zehlombe zivela ekuphazanyeni kwalezi tissue ezithambile ngenxa yokulimala noma ekusetshenzisweni ngokweqile noma ekusetshenzisweni kabi kwehlombe.
- Ezinye izinkinga zivela enkonzweni ekhubazayo lapho izicubu ziphuka futhi zingasebenzi kahle.
Ubuhlungu behlombe bungasendaweni yangakini noma bungathunyelwa ezindaweni ezungeze ehlombe noma phansi kwengalo. Izifo ngaphakathi emzimbeni (njenge-gallbladder, isibindi, noma isifo senhliziyo, noma izifo zomgogodla womlomo wesibeletho entanyeni) nazo zingase ziveze ubuhlungu obuhamba ngezinzwa eziya ehlombe.
Izinkinga Zamahlombe Zitholakala Kanjani?
Ezinye zezindlela odokotela abazihlola ngayo izinkinga zihlanganisa:
- Umlando wezokwelapha wesiguli
- Ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuhlola ukulimala, imingcele yokunyakaza, indawo yobuhlungu, nokulinganiswa kokungahlali ndawonye
- Izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwezimo ezithile. Ezinye zalezi zivivinyo zibandakanya ama-x-ray, i-arthrograms (okungukuthi, isebenzisa ukuhlukana komklamo kanye no-x-ray), i-MRI (imaging magnontic resonance)
- Ukungena kwe-anesthetic ngaphakathi nokuzungeza ihlangene lehlombe
Kuyini Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwamahlombe?
Ihlangothini lehlombe yiyona ehlanganiswa kakhulu emzimbeni omkhulu. Esimweni esivamile sokuhlukaniswa kwehlombe , ibutho elinamandla elidonsa ihlombe langaphandle (ukuchithwa) noma ukushintshaniswa okwedlulele kwe-pops ehlangene ibhola le-humerus eliphuma emathangeni ehlombe.
Ukuhlukaniswa ngokuvamile kwenzeka uma kukhona ukudonsa emuva emuva kwengalo ebamba imisipha engakakulungeli ukumelana noma ukucindezela imisipha.
Lapho ihlombe lihlukana njalo, lesi simo sibhekwa njengokungazinzi kwehlombe . Ukuhlukaniswa okuyingxenye lapho ithemba elingenhla elingenalutho lingenalutho futhi liphuma ngaphandle kwesikhwama libizwa ngokuthi i-subluxation.
Izimpawu zokuhlukaniswa
Ihlombe lingasusa noma phambili, emuva noma phansi. Ingalo ingabonakali nje lapho ihlombe liphazamiseka, kodwa ukuphazamiseka nakho kuveza ubuhlungu. Ama-muscle spasms angandisa ukwanda kobuhlungu. Izimpawu ezingase zikhule zihlanganisa:
- ukuvuvukala
- ukungabi namandla
- ubuthakathaka
- ukulimaza
Izinkinga ezibonwe ngehlombe elihlukanisiwe zihlukanisa imigudu noma izintambo eziqinisa i-capsule ehlangene futhi, ngokungajwayelekile, umonakalo wezinzwa.
Odokotela ngokuvamile baxilonga ukuxilongwa ngokuhlolwa ngokomzimba , futhi ama-x-ray angathathwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuxilongwa nokulawula ukuhlukunyezwa okuhlobene.
Ukwelapha Ukuxoshwa Kwamahlombe
Odokotela baphatha ukuhlukaniswa ngokufaka ibhola le-humerus emuva esikhaleni esihlangene - inqubo ebizwa ngokuthi ukunciphisa.
Ingalo ingenakulinganiswa emshinini noma idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-immobilizer yehlombe amasonto amaningana. Ngokuvamile udokotela uncoma ukuphumula ihlombe bese usebenzisa icebo 3 noma izikhathi ezine ngosuku. Ngemuva kokuba ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kulawulwa, isiguli singena ohlelweni lokuvuselela okubandakanya ukuvivinya umzimba ukuze ubuyekeze ukuhamba kwehlombe nokuqinisa imisipha ukuvimbela ukuhanjiswa okuzayo.
Lezi zivivinyo zingase zithuthuke kusuka ekuhambeni okulula kuya ekusetshenzisweni kwezicathulo.
Ngemuva kokwelashwa nokuphulukiswa, ihlombe elidlulile ngaphambilini lingase lihlale lingakwazi ukulimala, ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha, abakhuthele. Amagciwane angabe eselulekile noma aqhekekile, futhi ihlombe lingase livame ukuphindaphinda. Ihlombe eliphazamisa kakhulu noma elivame ukulimaza izicubu noma izinzwa ezizungezile, ngokuvamile zidinga ukukhanda okuhlinzekwa ukuqinisa izigxobo ezisezingeni eliphakeme noma ukunamathisela kabusha izigqoko ezigqamile.
Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wenza ukuhlinzeka ngokusebenzisa ukucubungula okuncane lapho i-arthroscope efakwe khona ukuze ibone ngaphakathi ngaphakathi. Ngemuva kwalendlela, okuthiwa yi-arthroscopic ukuhlinzwa , ihlombe ngokuvamile lingenakulinganiswa cishe amasonto angu-6 futhi ukuphumula okugcwele kuthatha izinyanga ezimbalwa.
Abanye odokotela abahlinzayo bakhetha ukulungisa amahlombe okuphazamiseka okuphindaphindiwe ngokuhlinzwa okuvuliwe isikhathi esingaphansi kombono oqondile. Ngokuvamile kuvalwa ukuphindaphindiwe nokunyakaza okuqhubekayo ngemva kokuhlinzwa okuvulekile, kodwa kungathatha isikhashana ukuphinde uthole ukunyakaza.
Yini Ukuhlukaniswa Kwamahlombe?
Ukuhlukaniswa kwehlombe kwenzeka lapho i -collar bone (clavicle) ihlangana ne-shoulder blade (scapula). Uma izigxobo ezibamba ndawonye zihlukanisiwe noma ziqhekeke ngokuphelele, ukuphela kwangaphandle kwe-clavicle kungase kukhishwe endaweni, ukuyivimbela ekuhlanganiseni kahle i-scapula.
Ngokuvamile ukulimala kubangelwa ukuqhuma ehlombe noma ngokuwa ngesandla eseluliwe.
Izimpawu Zokuhlukaniswa Kwamahlombe
Izimpawu ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa kungenzeka kwenzeke kubandakanya ubuhlungu bezintambo noma ububele noma ngezinye izikhathi bump phakathi phezulu kwehlombe (ngaphezu kokuhlanganyela kwe-AC). Ngezinye izikhathi ubukhulu bokuhlukana bungatholakala ngokuthatha ama-x-ray ngenkathi isiguli sinesisindo esincane esithinta emisipha, okwenza ukwahlukana kube khona nakakhulu.
Ukwelapha Ukuhlukana Kwamahlombe
Ukuhlukaniswa kwehlombe kuvame ukwelashwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuphumula nokugqoka isigwegwe . Ngokushesha ngemva kokulimala, isikhwama seqhwa singasetshenziswa ukukhulula ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuphumula, udokotela usisiza isiguli ukuba senze umzimba obeka ihlombe ngokusebenzisa ukuhamba kwawo.
Ukuhlukana okuningi kwehlombe kuphulukisa ezinyangeni ezimbili noma ezintathu ngaphandle kokungenelela okunye. Kodwa-ke, uma izigulane ziqhekeke kakhulu, ukulungiswa kokuhlinzwa kungadingeka ukuthi ubambe i-clavicle endaweni. Udokotela angalinda ukuze abone ukuthi ukwelashwa okulondolozayo kuyasebenza ngaphambi kokunquma ukuthi ngabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka yini.
Iyini i-Tendinitis, i-Bursitis, ne-Impingement Syndrome ye-Ehlombe?
I-tendinitis, i-bursitis, ne-impingement syndrome yehlombe ihlobene kakhulu futhi ingenzeka yedwa noma inhlanganisela. Uma i-rotator cuff ne-bursa zicasuliwe, zivutha futhi zivuvuka, zingase zifakwe phakathi kwekhanda le-humerus ne-acromion. Ukunyakaza okuphindaphindiwe okubandakanya izingalo kungathinta ukunyakaza kwamahlombe eminyakeni eminingi.
Kungase kuthukuthele futhi kugwebe phansi izintambo, imisipha, nezakhiwo ezizungezile, futhi.
I-tendinitis ukuvuvukala (ubomvu, ukukhathazeka, nokuvuvukala) kwethenda. Nge-tendinitis yehlombe, i -rotator cuff kanye / noma i-biceps tendon iyavutha, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokugxinwa izakhi ezungezile. Ukulimala kungase kuhluke ukuvuvukala okuncane ukubandakanyeka kwenqwaba yebhokisi le-rotator. Lapho ithethoni ye-rotator iqhuma futhi igxilile, ingase ibanjwe ngaphansi kwe-acromion. Ukucindezela kombhede we-Rotator kubizwa ngokuthi i-impingement syndrome.
I-tendinitis ne- impingement syndrome ivame ukuhambisana nokuvuvukala kwezigxobo ze-bursa ezivikela ihlombe. I-bursa evuthayo ibizwa ngokuthi i-bursitis .
Ukuvuvukala okubangelwa isifo esinjenge- rheumatoid arthritis kungabangela i- rotator cuff tendinitis ne-bursitis. Imidlalo ehilela ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwehlombe kanye nemisebenzi edingekile ukufinyeleleka ngokuphindaphindiwe yilezi ezinye izimbangela zokucasula ku-cuper rotator noma i-bursa futhi zingabangela ukuvuvukala nokufaka impingement.
Izimpawu ze-Tendinitis ne-Bursitis
Izimpawu zokuqala ze-tendinitis ne-bursitis zihlanganisa:
- Ukuqala kancane kokungahambi kahle nobuhlungu ehlombe eliphezulu noma engxenyeni engaphezulu yesithathu yengalo
- Kunzima ukulala ehlombe
I-tendinitis ne-bursitis nayo ibangela ubuhlungu uma ingalo isuswa emzimbeni noma ngaphezulu. Uma i-tendinitis ihilela i-biceps tendon (ithemponi esekelwe phambi kwehlombe elisiza ukugoba umlenze futhi iphendule), ubuhlungu buyovela ngaphambi noma ngakwesokunene kwehlombe futhi kungase buye phansi ku-elbow nangaphambili.
Ubuhlungu bungase futhi kwenzeke lapho ingalo iqhutshwa phezulu phezulu.
Ukuthola i-Tendinitis, i-Bursitis ne-Impingement Syndrome
Ukuxilongwa kwe-tendinitis ne-bursitis kuqala ngomlando wezokwelapha nokuhlolwa ngokomzimba. I-X-ray ayikhombisi ama-tendon noma i-bursae kodwa ingase ibe usizo ekulawuleni izimo ezimbi noma i-arthritis. Udokotela angasusa futhi ahlole uketshezi olusuka endaweni evuliwe ukulawula ukutheleleka. Impingement syndrome ingaqinisekiswa lapho umjovo we-anesthetic (i-lidocaine hydrochloride) engena ngaphansi kwe-acromion inciphisa ubuhlungu.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Tendinitis, i-Bursitis ne-Impingement Syndrome
Isinyathelo sokuqala sokwelapha lezi zimiso ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ngokuphumula, iqhwa, nemithi elwa nokuvuvukala njenge:
- Aspirin
- I-Naproxen (i-Aleve, i-Naprosyn)
- Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, noma uNuprin)
- I-COX-2 inhibitors
Kwezinye izimo udokotela noma uchwepheshe uzosebenzisa ukwelashwa kwe-ultrasound (ukudonswa kwe-sound-wave wave) ukufudumala kwezicubu ezijulile nokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Ukuzivocavoca ngobumnene nokuqinisa kuhlanganiswa kancane kancane. Lezi zingalandelwa noma zilandelwe ukusetshenziswa kwephakeji yeqhwa. Uma kungekho ukuthuthukiswa, udokotela angase ajobe umuthi we- corticosteroid endaweni ngaphansi kwe-acromion.
Nakuba ukujola kwe-steroid kuyindlela ejwayelekile yokwelashwa, kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuqapha ngoba kungase kuholele ekuqhekekeni kwetendon. Uma kusenakho ukuthuthukiswa ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-6 kuya kwezingu-12, udokotela angenza noma ukuhlinzwa okuvulekile ukuze kulungiswe umonakalo futhi kunciphise ukucindezela emathethini nase-bursae.
Iyini i-Rotator Cuff?
Umthamo owodwa noma ngaphezulu we-rotator we-cuff ungase ukhishwe ngenxa yokusebenzisa ngokweqile, ukuguga, ukuwa kwesandla eseluliwe, noma ukushayisana. Imidlalo edinga ukunyakaza kwesandla esiphezulu ngokuphindaphindiwe noma imisebenzi edingayo ukuphakamisa okunzima iphinde ibe nomshini kumathontili we-rotator ne-muscle. Ngokuvamile, amathoni aqinile, kodwa ukugqoka kungabangela izinyembezi.
Izimpawu ze-Torn Rotator Cuff
Ngokuvamile, umuntu onokulimala kwe- rotator ye-cuff uzwa ubuhlungu ngaphezu kwe-muscle deltoid phezulu naseceleni kwehlombe, ikakhulukazi uma ingalo iphakanyisiwe noma iphakanyiswa ngaphandle komzimba. Iminyango efana nalabo abathintekayo ekugqoke izingubo ingaba buhlungu. Ihlombe lingase lizwe libuthakathaka, ikakhulukazi lapho lizama ukuphakamisa ingalo ibe yindawo engezansi. Umuntu angase azizwe noma azwe ngokuchofoza noma pop lapho ihlombe lisuswa.
Ukuhlonza i-Rotorn Cuff ekhishwe
Ubuhlungu noma ubuthakathaka ekujikelezweni kwangaphandle noma kwangaphakathi kwengalo kungabonisa izinyembezi emathinini e-Rotator. Isiguli sizwa ubuhlungu lapho ukwehlisa ingalo kuya ohlangothini ngemuva kokuba ihlombe libuyele emuva futhi ingalo ikhishwa.
- Udokotela angase abone ubuthakathaka kodwa angase angakwazi ukunquma kusukela ekuhloleni ngokomzimba lapho izinyembezi zikhona.
- I-X-ray, uma ithathwe, ingavela evamile.
- I-MRI ingasiza ukubona i-tendon egcwele izinyembezi, kodwa ayitholi izinyembezi ezincane .
Uma ubuhlungu buyanyamalala ngemuva kokuba udokotela ejoza inani elincane lokubulala umzimba kule ndawo, kungenzeka ukuthi ukufaka umfutho kuyoba khona. Uma kungekho impendulo ekwelapheni, udokotela angasebenzisa i-arthrogram, esikhundleni se-MRI, ukuhlola indawo eyemele futhi aqinisekise ukuxilongwa.
Ukwelashwa kwe-Torn Rotator Cuff
Odokotela ngokuvamile batusa ukuthi iziguli ezinokulimala kwe-Rotator zihlala ehlombe, zifaka ukushisa noma zibandayo ezindaweni ezibuhlungu, futhi zithathe imithi ukuze kunciphise ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala.
Ezinye zokwelashwa zingase zengezwe, njenge:
- Ukuvuselela kagesi kwamasipha kanye nezinzwa
- Ukwelashwa kwe-Ultrasound
- Umjovo we-Cortisone eduze kwendawo evulekile yesikhumba se-rotator
Isiguli singase sidinge ukugqoka isigwegwe izinsuku ezimbalwa. Uma ukuhlinzwa kungacabangi ngokushesha, ukuvivinya umzimba kuhlanganiswa ohlelweni lwezokwelapha ukwakha ukuguquguquka namandla kanye nokubuyisela umsebenzi wehlombe. Uma kungekho ukuthuthukiswa nalezi zindlela zokwelashwa eziqhubekayo kanye nokukhubazeka okusebenzayo kuqhubeka, udokotela angenza ukukhishwa kwe-arthroscopic noma ukuvula okuvulekile kwesikhumba se-rotator ephukile.
Iyini Inqwaba Ehlutshiwe?
Njengoba igama lisho, ukunyakaza kwehlombe kuvinjelwe kakhulu kubantu "abanamahlombe afriziwe." Lesi simo, odokotela ababiza ngokuthi i-adhesive capsulitis, kubangelwa ukulimala okuholela ekuswelekeni kokusetshenziswa ngenxa yobuhlungu.
Ukuqhubekela phambili kwesifo se-Rheumatic kanye nokuhlinzekwa kwamuva kwamaphaphu kungabangela nehlombe elifriziwe. Izinkathi ezingapheli zokusetshenziswa zingabangela ukuvuvukala. Ukuxhaswa (amaqembu angavamile wezicubu) kukhula phakathi kwezinto ezihlangene, ukuvimbela ukunyakaza. Kukhona nokuntuleka kwamanzi ahlanzekile, okuvame ukugcoba igebe phakathi kwethambo lesandla nesokhethi ukusiza ukunyakaza okuhlanganyelwe kwehlombe. Yilaba isikhala esinqunyelwe phakathi kwe-capsule nebhola le-humerus elihlukanisa i-capsulitis yokunamathela ehlombe eliqinile elibuhlungu, eliqinile.
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yehlombe elibandayo kubandakanya labo abanezimo ezithile ezibandakanya:
- Isifo sikashukela
- Isibungu
- Isifo samafutha
- I-rheumatoid arthritis
- Isifo senhliziyo
- Abantu abaye engozini
Lesi simo asivele sibonakale kubantu abangaphansi kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala.
Izimpawu Zokwenziwe Ngamafutha
Ngamahlombe afriziwe, ihlangene iba yinkimbinkimbi futhi iqinile kangangokuthi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuhambisa ukuhamba okulula, njengokuphakamisa ingalo. Abantu bakhononda ukuthi ukuqina nokukhathazeka kubi kakhulu ebusuku. Udokotela angase asole ukuthi isiguli sinamahlombe afriziwe uma ukuhlola ngokomzimba kudalula ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe. I-arthrogram ingase iqinisekise ukuxilongwa.
Ukwelashwa Kwamahlombe Aphelile
Ukwelashwa kwamahlombe afriziwe kugxile ekubuyiseleni ukunyakaza okuhlangene nasekunciphiseni ubuhlungu behlombe. Ngokuvamile, ukwelashwa kuqala ngezidakamizwa ezingekho ukuvuvukala nokusebenzisa ukushisa, kulandelwa ukuzivivinya okulula. Lezi zivivinyo ezilula, ezingase zenziwe ekhaya ngosizo lomuthi, kukhona ukwelashwa okukhethayo.
Kwezinye izimo, i- transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) eneyunithi encane eqhutshwa ibhethri ingasetshenziswa ukunciphisa ubuhlungu ngokuvimbela impulses yezinzwa . Uma lezi zinyathelo zingaphumelelanga, udokotela angase ancoma ukuphathwa kwehlombe ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia jikelele. Ukuhlinzwa ukusika ukunamathela kubalulekile kuphela kwezinye izimo.
Izimpawu Nokuthola Ukuhlukunyezwa Kwezandla
Ukuphuka kuhilela ukuqhuma okuncane noma okuphelele ngaphakathi kwethambo. Ukuphuka emathanjeni ngokuvamile kubangelwa ukulimala komthelela, njengokuwa noma ukushaya ehlombe. I-fracture ngokuvamile ihilela i-clavicle noma intamo (indawo engaphansi kwebhola) ye-humerus.
Ukuphuka kwehlombe okwenzeka ngemva kokulimala okukhulu kuvame ukuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu.
Ngesikhathi esifushane, kungenzeka kube nokubomvu nokweqaza endaweni. Ngezinye izikhathi ukuphuka kubonakala ngoba amathambo avela endaweni. Kokubili ukuxilongwa nokuqina kungaqinisekiswa yi-x-ray.
Ukwelapha Ukuhlukana Kwamahlombe
Uma kwenzeka ukuphuka, udokotela uzama ukuletha amathambo esimweni esizokhuthaza ukuphulukiswa nokubuyisela ukunyakaza kwesandla. Uma i-clavicle iphukile, isiguli kumele kuqala sigqoke ubopha bese uguqa esifuba ukugcina i-clavicle isendaweni. Ngemuva kokukhipha u-strap and sling, udokotela uzobe ebeka izivivinyo ukuze aqinise ihlombe futhi abuyisele inhlangano. Ukwelashwa kudingekile ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze kube khona ukuhlukunyezwa kwe-clavicle .
Ukuphuka kwentamo ye-humerus kuvame ukuphathwa nge-sling immobilizer. Uma amathambo engekho esimweni, ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ukuyibuyisela kabusha. Ukuzivocavoca futhi kuyingxenye yokubuyisela amandla nehlombe.
I-Arthritis Yehlombe
I-arthritis yisifo esibangelwa ukugaya nokuqothula kwe-cartilage (ie, i- osteoarthritis ) noma ukuvuvukala (okungukuthi, i- rheumatoid arthritis ). I-arthritis ayithinti kuphela amalunga; kungase futhi kuthinte izakhiwo ezisekela njenge:
- imisipha
- izintambo
- ligaments
Izimpawu Nokuthola I-Arthritis Ehlombe
Izibonakaliso ezijwayelekile zesifo samathambo ehlombe zibuhlungu, ikakhulukazi ngokuhlanganyela kwe-AC, nokunciphisa ukunyakaza kwehlombe.
Udokotela angase asole ukuthi isiguli sinesifo samathambo uma kukhona kokubili ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala ekuhlanganyeleni. Ukuxilongwa kungase kuqinisekiswe ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba kanye nama-x-rays. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungasiza ekuhloleni i-arthritis ye-rheumatoid, kodwa ezinye izivivinyo zingase zidingeke futhi. Ukuhlaziywa kwamanzi abizayo kuhlangene kungase kube usizo ekuhloleni izinhlobo ezithile ze-arthritis. Nakuba i-arthroscopy ivumela ukuboniswa ngokuqondile kokulimala kwe-cartilage, i-tendon, ne-ligaments, futhi kungase kuqinisekise ukuxilongwa, ngokuvamile kwenziwa kuphela uma inqubo yokulungisa kufanele yenziwe.
Ukwelapha I-Arthritis Yezinwele
Ngokuvamile i-osteoarthritis yehlombe iphathwa ngezidakamizwa ezingavimba ukuvuvukala, njenge:
- i-aspirin
- ibuprofen
- I-COX-2 inhibitors
I-arthritis ye-rheumatoid yehlombe ingadinga ukwelapha ngokomzimba kanye nemithi eyengeziwe, njenge- corticosteroids. Uma ukwelashwa okungezona osebenzayo kwe-arthritis yehlombe kwehluleka ukukhulula ubuhlungu noma ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, noma uma kunzima ukugqoka nokukhala okukhulu kokubambisana okubangela izingxenye ukukhulula nokuphuma endaweni, ukuguqulwa okuhlangene (arthroplasty) kunganikeza imiphumela engcono. Kulo msebenzi, udokotela ohlinzayo uthatha indawo yokujoyina ihlombe nebhola lokufakelwa ngenhla ye-humerus ne-cap (glenoid) ye-scapula.
Ukuzivocavoca umzimba (lapho omunye umuntu eshukumisela khona ingalo ukushintshanisa ihlangene lehlombe) uqaliswa maduzane emva kokuhlinzwa. Iziguli ziqala ukuzivivinya ngokwabo cishe amasonto amathathu kuya ku-6 emva kokuhlinzwa. Ekugcineni, ukuzivocavoca okulula nokuqinisa kube ingxenye enkulu yohlelo lokuvuselela. Ukuphumelela kokusebenza kuvame ukuxhomekeka esimweni sezingxube ze-Rotator ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kanye nesilinganiso lapho isiguli silandela khona uhlelo lokuzivocavoca.
Imithombo:
Ukushicilelwa kwe-NIH No. 14-4865, Imibuzo nezimpendulo mayelana Nezinkinga Zezintambo. April 2014. (ihlelwe)