Kusho ukuthini ukukhwehlela njalo?
Uma ngabe ubhekene nokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo ungase ucindezeleke kakhulu, ngaphezu kokukhathazeka ngokuthi ukukhwehlela kwakho kungase kusho ukuthini. Yiziphi izimbangela zalesi sibonakaliso, yiziphi imibuzo odokotela wakho angazibuza, futhi lolu hlobo lokukhwehlela luphathwa kanjani?
Sibutsetelo
Impela ayikho incazelo ecacile yokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, kodwa uma uhlala nomunye cishe awudingi incazelo.
Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kungukuphazamisa isimiso sakho sosuku nosuku noma kukuvimbela ekuphumeni okufanele ebusuku. Kungaba nzima ukubamba umoya wakho. Kungabangela ekuhlanza. Kungase kukushiye uzizwe ukhathele ngokuphelele. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kuyadingeka ukukhuluma emsebenzini, ukuya esikoleni, ukunakekela izingane zakho, noma ukuzama ukulala, ukukhwehlela njalo kungangena endleleni futhi kunciphise izinga lakho lokuphila.
Amakhoma avame ukuchazwa njengento elula noma engapheliyo. Ukukhwehlela okunzima kuvame ukugcina amasonto amathathu noma ngaphansi, kanti ukukhwehlela okungapheli kuchazwa ngokuthi ukukhwehlela okuhlala isikhathi eside kunamaviki ayisishiyagalombili. (Izinhlayiya ezihlala phakathi kwamasonto amathathu nesishiyagalombili zihlukaniswa njenge-subacute.) Ukukhwehlela kwakho kungabe kusomile (okungewona okhiqizayo) noma ungakwazi ukukhwehlela i-phlegm (ukukhwehlela okukhiqizayo). Uma unayo i-phlegm, ingase icacile, iphuzi, iluhlaza, noma igajwe igazi.
Ukukhwehlela kwakho kungase kube yedwa, noma ngabe uye waqaphela ezinye izimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukunquma ukuthi unayo yini izimpawu ezimbili, noma uma uhlobene nomunye.
Isibonelo, uma unomuzwa wokuphefumula kungase kunzima ukucacisa ukuthi uthola kunzima yini ukubamba umoya omuhle phakathi kokukhwehlela, noma uma ubhekene nokuphefumula okunzima okungahambisani nokukhwehlela kwakho.
Izizathu Ezingenzeka
Izimbangela zokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo zingahluka kulabo abathintekayo kulabo okuyizinto eziyingozi kakhulu.
Ngenkathi ezinye izimbangela zivame kakhulu kunezinye uma ufaka zonke izimbangela ezingavamile zokukhwehlela njalo zivamile. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhwehlela kungase kube ngenxa yezihlanganisi zezizathu.
Izimbangela ezivamile
Ngezansi uhlu lwezinye zezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokukhwehlela okungapheli.
- Ukudonsa okungakahleleki - Mhlawumbe imbangela evamile kakhulu yokukhwehlela okungapheliyo, kungukudonsela emuva ngenxa ye-sinusitis noma i-rhinosinusitis (ukuvuvukala kwezingxenye zangasese.) Lokhu kukhwehlela kuvame ukukhiqiza i-phlegm ecacile futhi kuhambisane nomugqa wokuhlanza.
- Ukutheleleka ngegciwane - Izifo ezinjengomkhuhlane ovamile kanye nomkhuhlane yiyona imbangela evamile yokukhwehlela okungenakuyeka. Ukukhwehlela kungase kuhambisane nezinye izimpawu ezibandayo ezifana nekhala eligijimayo, noma izimpawu zesifo sofuba, njengama-aches omzimba.
- I-brronchitis - Kokubili i-bronchitis enamandla kanye ne-bronchitis engapheli ingabangela umuntu ukuba akhonse njalo. Nge-bronchitis engapheli, ukukhwehlela kuvame ukukhiqiza i-phlegm.
- Izifo ezibangelwa ukwelashwa - Izifo ezithathelwanayo zemvelo ezinjenge- mold mold , kanye nokudla kokudla, zingabangela ukukhwehlela.
- I-bronchospasm - Ukuqedwa kwe-airways ( bronchospasm ) ngenxa yokusabela okweqile noma i-asthma kungabangela ukukhwehlela. Ukukhwehlela ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhamba ngokuphelelwa yisikhathi (ukuphefumula). Uma kukhona nokuvuvukala entanyeni noma ngolimi noma ukuphefumula, lokhu kungaba yingozi eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ( ukuphazamiseka kwe-anaphylactic ).
- I-asthma - I- Asthma ingase ibangele ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. Kuvame ukuhambisana nokuqina kwesondo nesifuba, kodwa kwabanye abantu, ukukhwehlela kuyisibonakaliso kuphela, futhi kungabizwa ngokuthi "ukukhwehlela okuphambene nomoya."
- I-reflux ye-Acid - Isifo se-reflux se-gastroesophageal (GERD) singabangela ukukhwehlela njalo ngenxa yokusiva kwe-asidi esiswini. Isizathu esivamile kakhulu sokukhwehlela, i-GERD ivame ukudala iziqephu zokukhwehlela ebusuku emva kokulala phansi, futhi ngokuvamile ziholela ekuthungeni ekuseni. I-GERD ingase ihambisane nezimpawu zokuphuza noma ukugxekwa, noma ukukhwehlela kungaba yilapho kuphela uphawu.
- Ukubhema - Ukukhwehlela kokubhema kungaba yimi-stop ngezinye izikhathi. Ngokuvamile kubi kakhulu ekuseni futhi kuvame ukukhiqiza i-phlegm. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukubhema kuyimbangela evamile yezinye izifo zokuphefumula ezifana ne-bronchitis engapheli kanye nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Uma ubhema, zibuze ukuthi ukukhwehlela kwakho kushintshile nganoma iyiphi indlela.
- Imithi - i- ACE inhibitors , imithi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha ukucindezeleka kwegazi nokuhluleka kwenhliziyo, ingabangela umuntu ukuba akhwehle ubusuku nemini. Izibonelo ze-ACE inhibitors zifaka i-Vasotec (i-enalapril), i-Capoten (i-captopril), iphinivil noma i-Zestril (i-lisinopril), i-Lotensin (i-benazepril) ne-Altace (ramipril).
- Ukuvezwa kwezinto ezicasulayo - Ukuboniswa kwentuthu yomsizi , ukubhema kwezinkuni , ukupheka imfucuza, uthuli, namakhemikhali anobuthi kungabangela ukuba umuntu akhonse kaningi.
- I-Croup - Ezinganeni, i-croup ingabangela ukukhwehlela okungenakuphelelwa yisikhathi.
- I-pneumonia - Yombili i- pneumonia yegciwane ne-bacteria ingabangela ukukhwehlela, ngokuvamile kuvame ukuhamba nomkhuhlane.
- I-COPD - Isifo se-Chronic obstructive pulmonary ( COPD ) siyimbangela ebalulekile yokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, evame ukuhambisana nokuphefumula.
- Ukukhwehlela okukhwehlelayo - Ngezikhathi zokukhwehlela (pertussis) zezikhathi zokukhwehlela okungapheli kuvame ukuphulukiswa umoya ojulile-isifuba sokukhwehlela. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi abantu bangase bakhule ukukhwehlela okukhwehlela noma ngabe bane-vactria / pertussis / tetanus vaccine (DPT).
Izimbangela Ezingavamile Kodwa Ezibalulekile
Kunezimbangela eziningana ezingavamile zokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, kuhlanganise:
- I-Cancer Lung - Umdlavuza we- Lung yisisusa esincane sokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula. Umdlavuza wegciwane ukwelapha kakhulu ezinkathini zokuqala. Amaphesenti angama-50 abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu banomkhuhlane ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa.
- Ukuphefumula komzimba wangaphandle - Ukukhethwa ezintweni ezinjengenyama, amaphilisi, zemali, amagilebhisi, noma ezinye izinto kungabangela ukukhwehlela okungenasici njengoba umzimba wakho uzama ukukhipha impahla yangaphandle. Ukukhwehlela okuhlobene nokufisa kuvame ukuqala ngokuzumayo. Okuhlukile kungase kube nokuvimbela okuncane okubangelwa izinto ezincane ezifaka kwenye ye-bronchi encane. Ukukhwehlela okunjengaleku kungase kucatshangwe kuqala ngenxa yokutheleleka ngegciwane, kepha kuqhubeka isikhathi eside kunokutheleleka ngegciwane. Ngesinye isikhathi i-bronchoscopy iyadingeka ukuze yembule lezi zidumbu ezincane ezingaphandle.
- Isifo sofuba - Nakuba isifo sofuba singavamile e-United States, kwenzeka, ikakhulukazi kubantu abavela kwamanye amazwe kanye nabantu abaye bachitha isikhathi eside isikhathi eside phesheya. Ngaphandle kokukhwehlela, abantu bangase babe nokulahlekelwa isisindo kanye nokujula ebusuku phakathi kwezinye izimpawu. Qinisekisa ukuthi uvumele udokotela wakho wazi ukuthi uhambe, ngenxa yalesi sizathu kanye nezinye izimbangela ezikhona.
- I-Bronchiectasis - i- Bronchiectasis , isimo lapho ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe nokuvuvukala kubangelwa ukwanda kwemikhumbi yomoya, kungaveza ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okuvame ukubi kakhulu ngokulala phansi.
- Amakhekhe egazi emaphashini - Amagundane egazi emilenzeni ( inhlanzi ejulile ye-thrombosis (DVT) ) ingahle ihambe futhi ibheke emaphashini (i- pulmonary emboli ) eyenza ukukhwehlela okucasulayo nokuphefumula okuvamile. Izimpawu zamagundane egazi emilenzeni ingafaka ubomvu, ububele, nokuvuvukala.
- Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ukukhumula - Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo kungabangela ukukhwehlela okungapheli. Lokhu ukukhwehlela kungabangela i-pink foamy phlegm futhi kuvame ukubola ngokulala phansi. Ngokuvamile kuvame ukuphefumula.
- Amaphaphu aphethwe - I- pneumothorax (amaphaphu aphelile) angabangela ukukhwehlela okuphakade okuqala ngokuzumayo. Ngaphandle kokukhwehlela, abantu bangase babone ukuphefumula kanye nokuthi "u-creptitus," inzwa yokuba ne-bubble egoqa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sesifuba nentamo.
- Izifo ze-Fungal - Izimo ezifana ne-coccidiomycosis, i-histoplasmosis, ne-cryptococcosis, phakathi kwabanye, zingabangela ukukhwehlela njalo.
- Ezinye izifo zamaphaphu - Izifo ezifana ne- sarcoidosis nezinye izifo zamaphaphu zivame ukubangela ukukhwehlela.
Ukuxilongwa
Uma ubona udokotela wakho, into yokuqala azoyenza ngumlando oqaphile kanye nomzimba. Kuye ngomlando wakho nokuhlolwa kwakho, ezinye izivivinyo zingafaka:
- I-x-ray yesifuba - I-x-ray ingasese ingenziwa ukuze ibheke inyumoniya kanye nezinye izimbangela zokukhwehlela. Qaphela ukuthi i-x-ray yesifuba ayanele ngokwengqondo ukulawula umdlavuza wamaphaphu, futhi ungaphuthelwa izicubu ezincane.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi - I-white cell cell count (WBC) ingenziwa ukuze ubuke izibonakaliso zokutheleleka ngegciwane noma ukwelapha.
- I-Spirometry - i- Spirometry , isivivinyo lapho ubona khona umoya ongaziphululela emaphashini akho ngomzuzwana owodwa, kunganconywa uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ngezimo ezifana ne-asthma noma i-emphysema.
- I-CT scan - Uma ukukhwehlela kwakho kuphikelela, noma uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ukuthi ungase ube nesisusa esikhulu sokukhwehlela kwakho, angase acele isifo se-CT scan ukuze uthole ukubukeka okuningiliziwe ngamapayipi akho nezicubu ezizungezile.
- I-bronoscopy - I- bronchoscopy iyilingo lapho ithubhu elincane elinokukhanya lifakwe emlonyeni wakho nasendleleni yakho enkulu yomoya. Lokhu kungenziwa uma udokotela wakho ekhathazekile ngomzimba wangaphandle emzimbeni wakho womoya (kusukela ekukhungeni) noma uma efuna ukungavamile okufana nesisu.
- I-Laryngoscopy - I-laryngoscopy yinkqubo lapho ithubhu efaka khona emlonyeni ukubona ngeso lengqondo indawo ezungeze izintambo zakho zezwi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-pH Esophageal - I-reflux ye-acid iyimbangela evamile yokukhwehlela, kanti abanye abantu abatholi izimpawu ezivamile zokuphuza. Ngokuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwe-pH , odokotela bangahlola izimpawu ze-acid reflux.
Imibuzo UDokotela Wakho Ungabuza
- Ukukhwehlela kwakho kwaqala nini?
- Ingabe ukukhwehlela kwakho kumile noma kumanzi (isibonelo, ingabe ukhahlela up phlegm?)
- Ingabe uhlanza ngemva kokukhwehlela?
- Isikhathi sini ukukhwehlela kwakho okubi kakhulu?
- Uke waba nomkhuhlane?
- Uke waboniswa kunoma ubani ogulayo?
- Kuze kube nini uhlalele umkhuhlane?
- Ingabe ubhema, noma uke upheze?
- Ingabe ukhonjiswe kumusi wesibhamu ?
- Yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ozibonayo? Isibonelo, ingabe usukhukhumeze igazi , ingabe uzizwa uphefumula , uke wabhekana nokuthukuthela noma uvuthwe?
- Ingabe uthola ukukhwabanisa ?
- Unayo yini izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifana nokulahlekelwa kwesisindo noma ukungakhathali?
- Ingabe unayo yonke imithi?
- Ingabe ukhonjiswe esikhunjeni noma uhlala endlini eye yabhekana nokulimala kwamanzi?
- Uke waba nazo iziqephu zokukhahla?
Ukwelapha
Ukwelashwa kokukhwehlela okuqhubekayo kuzoxhomeka ekubangela imbangela. Izindlela zokwelapha ezikhulayo , njenge-isipuni soju, umswakama (njenge-vaporizer), nokuphumula kungase kusize kungakhathaliseki ukuthi imbangela. Ukuphuza uketshezi okwanele kunamacici omzimba omncane futhi kuhlale kuwusizo.
Uma ucabanga ukuthi unesifo, gwema ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics ongase ube nawo kusukela esikhathini esedlule. Ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotic endala ngeke kusize uma unesifo segciwane lesandulela ngculaza, futhi kunalokho kungase kwande amathuba okuthuthukisa ukumelana namagciwane noma ukuphuza ukuxilongwa kokukhwehlela kwakho. Amaconsi e-Lemon noma amanye ama-candies anzima angaba mnandi, kodwa ungalokothi uwaphe izingane. Ngaphansi kwe-syrups yokukhwehlela kwamakhanda akufanele isetshenziselwe izingane ngaphandle uma kunconywe udokotela wezingane.
Nini Ukubiza Udokotela Wakho
Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhwehlela njalo kungaba uphawu lwezinto ezimbi kakhulu. Uma uthola ukuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba , izimpawu zamagundane wegazi (njengokubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ububele emilenzeni yakho), noma uma izimpawu zakho ziyesaba, shayela udokotela wakho (noma 911) ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile futhi ukushayela u-911 ngokushesha uma une-stridor (umsindo ovuthayo onomsindo ophezulu ngokuphefumula), ukukhwehlela kwakho kuvele ngokuzumayo, noma uma ukuvuvukala kolimi lwakho, ubuso noma umphimbo, njengoba lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise okuphuthumayo kwezokwelapha Ukwehla igazi, ngisho nenani elincane, kufanele lihlolwe udokotela wakho.
Uma ukukhwehlela kwakho njalo sekuphele isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho-ngisho noma ucabanga ukuthi kukhona isizathu esicacile sokukhwehlela kwakho.
> Imithombo:
> Burki, T. A Chorus of Coughs njalo. I-Lancet Imithi Yokuphefumula . 2015. 3 (6): 434.
> Izikhungo Zikazwelonke Zempilo. I-Medline Plus. Isikhukhula. Kubuyekezwe 02/07/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003072.htm
> Satia, I., Badri, H., Al-Sheklly, B., Smith, J., no A. Woodcock. Kuqondana Nokuqonda Nokuphatha Isikhukhula Esingunaphakade. Imithi yokwelapha . 2016. 16 (Isondlo 6): s92-297.
> Soni, R., Ebersole, B., noN. Jamal. Ukwelapha Isikhukhula Esingajwayelekile. I-Otolaryngology - Inhloko Nokuhlinzwa Kwezinyosi . 2017. 156 (1): 103-108.